Vaginismus is divided into two types:

1. Primary vaginismus: When vaginal penetration has never been achieved.
2. Secondary vaginismus: Vaginal penetration was achieved once but is no longer possible due to factors like gynecological surgery; menopause; trauma or irradiation

Many times there is no reason for vaginismus but it can result from:

1. Past painful intercourse
2. Emotional factors
3. Past sexual abuse or trauma

 To make a diagnosis; your gynaecologist will do your physical examination and take your medical and sexual history. This history may give a clue to your treating gynaecologist as to why and how often vaginismus is happening.

Vaginismus is a treatable condition as it does not involve any disease or abnormality in a woman.

Treatment of vaginismus requires education; counseling and exercises.

1. Education:  Education involves learning about the body anatomy; what happens during sexual intercourse; which vaginal muscles show contraction before the sexual activities; this helps you to understand how your body is responding and there is no need to panic.
2. Counseling: If education does not work enough; then a sexologist will counsel you and your partner about the condition.
3. Relaxation techniques and hypnosis can promote stress-free mind to make you comfortable.
4. Vaginal dilators: Your gynaecologist may recommend you to use the dilators. These vaginal dilators start form a small to bigger size. You will be explained in detail about the use and how to switch to the bigger sizes; how frequently you should be doing and when to resume the sexual intercourse after a certain number of vaginal dilator starts to go in without the resistance.
5. Examination under anesthesia: It may be suggested by your gynaecologist if you are planning a baby and suffering from vaginismus.  

Having vaginismus is nothing to be ashamed of. Instead; do not hesitate to talk to your gynaecologist and explain the problem. Talk freely to your partner also and tell him that you are ready to seek medical help. 

Having vaginismus is not the end of the sexual life. Yes; proper guidance and treatment can prevent it from taking a toll on relationship. Many people recover and go on to live happy sexual lives. 

Scheduling treatment with the counsellor may be beneficial. Confide in your partner ; experiment and find out what works best for you .

Vaginal dilators start from the small to bigger sizes. You should be starting with the smallest one first.

Start by getting into a comfortable position.

1. Lie on your back with your feet flat on the bed; your knees slightly bent.
2. Spread your legs so they’re shoulder-width apart.  You can also place pillows under your knees for support.
3. Make sure you can easily touch the opening of your vagina with your hand, you can also use a mirror to see where you are going.

When you start using the dilators; initially you can insert only the tip and that is fine.

Dilating can be painful in beginning and it may take weeks or months. And when you push the dilator; do not go above 3 to 4 pain level.

Use one dilator for at last 15 to 20 minutes; one or two times a day. Remain lying on your back while the dilator is in place. Leave it there for 20 min. While you may have to hold the dilator in place; your overactive muscles may try to push it out especially if you are suffering from vaginismus.

And yes; if you are not use your dilators for 20 min for the first time; do not worry.

Once you are able to insert a smaller dilator with ease; you may progress upto the next size; Note that progressing up in size may take weeks or days. If your muscles are loose and relaxed; you may progress up in size easily.

In a span of few months; you will be able to insert the desired dilator without any pain or without your vaginal muscles contracting strong enough to push it back.