Infertility meaning is the failure to get pregnant within one year of active married life.  

You should seek infertility treatment:

1. If you are under 35; married for a year; and are failing to conceive.
2. If you are above 35; married for 6 months and are failing to conceive
3. If you are above 40; immediate intervention in forms of hormonal analysis; laparoscopy or any advanced reproductive techniques.

However regardless of the age and married life; if you r your partner has any high risk factor; you should immediately seek infertility treatment. Infertility here does not include history of miscarriages or being unable to carry a baby to childbirth.

Types of infertility include:

• Primary: A woman who has never been pregnant.
• Secondary: Secondary infertility occurs when a woman can’t get pregnant again after having at least one pregnancy

1. Weight problems either underweight or overweight.
2. Advanced age ; more than 35 for the woman and 40 for the man.
3. Sexually transmitted diseases
4. Stress
5. Diseases like diabetes; hypertension; hypothyroidism
6. Smoking; alcohol; substance abuse
7. Exposure to environment toxins like lead and pesticides.

1. PCOD
2. Ovarian cysts
3. Uterine fibroids
4. Endometriosis and chocolate cysts
5. Uterine polyps
6. Hypothyroidism
7. PID or pelvic inflammatory diseases
8. Blocked fallopian tubes
9. Uterine malformations and septum
10. Low AMH; premature ovarian failure or ovarian insufficiency
11. Menstrual irregularities due to any reason.
12. Past history of ectopic pregnancy or abortions
13. Asherman s syndrome
14. Medical conditions like kidney disease; sickle cell anemia ; celiac disease etc.
15. Pituitary gland disorders

1. Low sperm count or low testosterone ( hypogonadism)
2. Varicocele
3. High heat exposure to the testes due to tight clothing or working in a hot environment
4. Undescended testes
5. Misuse of anabolic steroids
6. Premature ejaculation or retrograde ejaculation
7. Injury to scrotum and testes
8. Genetic disorders
9. Testicular cancer

When some couples fail to conceive after taking medications and simple treatments there are other options like:

1. Intrauterine insemination: here your gynaecologist will directly place the sperms inside your uterine cavity with a thin and soft tube.
2. IVF ( In vitro fertilization): IVF is a type of ART or assisted reproductive technique. In this method; the female eggs are harvested and then the sperm and egg  are put in a lab dish. The sperm fertilizes the egg. And the fertilised  egg or embryo is then placed inside the uterus. It is called ET or embryo transfer.
3. ICSI ( intracytoplasmic sperm injection ) : This procedure is similar to IVF.  Here the embryologist will  directly inject a single sperm into each of the harvested eggs and then transfer the embryo into the uterus.  
4. Third-party ART: Here the couples may use donor eggs; donor sperms or donor embryos. Some couples also need a surrogate mother who can carry the pregnancy .

Both men and women can follow these steps to prevent infertility:

1. Eat balanced diet to maintain healthy weight.
2. Stay active
3. Smoking; drinking alcohol; drug abuse are bad attributes. Quit them.
4. Prevent sexually transmitted diseases.
5. Limit exposure to toxins. 

About 90% of the couples get pregnant after undergoing infertility treatment. However; the success rates vary depending upon the cause of infertility; age of the couple and other factors as well.  In general:

1. approximately 50% women under the age of 35 yrs conceive with ART; while the same number goes down to 30% in women after 40 yrs .
2. Though IUI works best for some couples; the success rate of IUI is 20 to 30%.  If the result is to come positive; it usually happens within 3 cycles of IUIs.

With the help of advanced techniques used in time; by an expert ; and at a proper centre; success is possible.